![]() If you assign numbers to the letter so that A=0, B=1, C=2, etc, the cipher’s encryption and decryption can also be modeled mathematically with the formula: ![]() In this example the phrase “I came, I saw, I conquered” becomes “L FDPH, L VDZ, L FRQTXHUHG” once encoded with a shift of 3. When reaching the end of the alphabet it cycles around, so X becomes A, Y becomes B and Z becomes C. In a Caesar cipher with a shift of 3, A becomes D, B becomes E, C becomes F, etc. The easiest way to understand the Caesar cipher is to think of cycling the position of the letters. Due to this simplicity, the Caesar cipher offers little security against those with even a passing knowledge of cryptography. For example, a shift right of 5 would encode the word Caesar as “hfjxfw”. It is a simple substitution cipher, where each letter corresponds to another letter a certain number of positions forward or backward in the alphabet. The Caesar cipher is named after the legendary Roman emperor Julius Caesar, who used it to protect his military communications.
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